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在線客服 <p data-pid="--Y3BUpd" style="margin: 0px 0px 1.4em; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 什么是應(yīng)力腐蝕？</p> <p data-pid="--Y3BUpd" style="margin: 0px 0px 1.4em; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 材料或零件在應(yīng)力和腐蝕環(huán)境的共同作用下引起的開裂稱為應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂，這是應(yīng)力與腐蝕聯(lián)合作用的結(jié)果。如果只有一個(gè)方面，應(yīng)力或者介質(zhì)的作用，破壞不會(huì)發(fā)生，但當(dāng)二者聯(lián)合作用時(shí)，卻能很快發(fā)生開裂。因此，發(fā)生應(yīng)力腐蝕時(shí)，應(yīng)力是很低的，介質(zhì)的腐蝕性也是很弱的，也正由于此，應(yīng)力腐蝕經(jīng)常受到忽視，導(dǎo)致“意外”事故不斷發(fā)生，造成巨大危害和損失。</p> <p data-pid="_56unPYa" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-weight: 600;">◆分類</span></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="5CWmbe4l" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 1、<a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-141.html">點(diǎn)腐蝕</a></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="RGJNK5LC" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 是一種導(dǎo)致腐蝕的局部腐蝕形式。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="vemHfgmR" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 2、<a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-38.html">晶間腐蝕</a></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="6eVAbyUP" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 晶粒間界是結(jié)晶學(xué)取向不同的晶粒間紊亂錯(cuò)合的邊界，因而，它們是鋼中各種溶質(zhì)元素偏析或金屬化合物（如碳化物和δ相）沉淀析出的有利區(qū)域。因此，在某些腐蝕介質(zhì)中，晶粒間界可能先行被腐蝕乃是不足為奇的。這種類型的腐蝕被稱為晶間腐蝕，大多數(shù)的金屬和合金在特定的腐蝕介質(zhì)中都可能呈現(xiàn)<a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-38.html">晶間腐蝕</a>。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="fKA6WXh3" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 3、<a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-36.html">縫隙腐蝕</a></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="V0UTgiXT" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 是局部腐蝕的一種形式，它可能發(fā)生于溶液停滯的縫隙之中或屏蔽的表面內(nèi)。這樣的縫隙可以在金屬與金屬或金屬與非金屬的接合處形成，例如，在與鉚釘、螺栓、墊片、閥座、松動(dòng)的表面沉積物以及海生物相接觸之處形成。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="7gjTfbbM" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 4、<a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-36.html">全面腐蝕</a></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="3IzgAma7" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 是用來描述在整個(gè)合金表面上以比較均勻的方式所發(fā)生的腐蝕現(xiàn)象的術(shù)語。當(dāng)發(fā)生全面腐蝕時(shí)，材料由于腐蝕而逐漸變薄，甚至材料腐蝕失效。不銹鋼在強(qiáng)酸和強(qiáng)堿中可能呈現(xiàn)全面腐蝕。全面腐蝕所引起的失效問題并不怎么令人擔(dān)心，因?yàn)?，這種腐蝕通?？梢酝ㄟ^簡單的浸泡試驗(yàn)或查閱腐蝕方面的文獻(xiàn)資料而預(yù)測它。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="zwYv8rDF" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-weight: 600;">◆特點(diǎn)</span></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="am0OxwKs" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 1、造成應(yīng)力腐蝕破壞的是靜應(yīng)力，遠(yuǎn)低于材料的屈服強(qiáng)度，而且一般是拉伸應(yīng)力。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="Dp9IFSm6" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 2、應(yīng)力腐蝕造成的破壞，是脆性斷裂，沒有明顯的塑性變形。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="gfZFVOt5" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 3、只有在特定的合金成分與特定的介質(zhì)相組合時(shí)才會(huì)造成應(yīng)力腐蝕。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="5XCHQu5I" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 4、應(yīng)力腐蝕的裂紋擴(kuò)展速率—般在10-9~10-6m/s，有點(diǎn)像疲勞，是漸進(jìn)緩慢的，這種亞臨界的擴(kuò)展?fàn)顩r一直達(dá)到某一臨界尺寸，使剩余下的斷面不能承受外載時(shí)，就突然發(fā)生斷裂。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="ZSm51i4V" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 5、應(yīng)力腐蝕的裂紋多起源于表面蝕坑處，而裂紋的傳播途徑常垂直于拉力軸。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="fzGB9NCq" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 6、應(yīng)力腐蝕破壞的斷口，其顏色灰暗，表面常有腐蝕產(chǎn)物。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="oh9smpS9" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 7、應(yīng)力腐蝕的主裂紋擴(kuò)展時(shí)常有分枝。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="RJSKf3wl" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 8、應(yīng)力腐蝕引起的斷裂可以是穿晶斷裂，也可以是晶間斷裂。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="PtxZc3W_" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-weight: 600;">◆措施</span></p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="H09Mupno" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 1、合理選擇材料</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="40KeUajh" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 針對(duì)零件所受的應(yīng)力和使用條件選用耐應(yīng)力腐蝕的材料，這是一個(gè)基本原則。如銅對(duì)氨的應(yīng)力腐蝕敏感性很高，因此，接觸氨的零件應(yīng)避免使用銅合金；又如在高濃度氯化物介質(zhì)中，一般可選用不含鎳、銅或僅含微量鎳、銅的低碳高鉻鐵素體不銹鋼，或含硅較高的鉻鎳不銹鋼，也可選用鎳基和鐵一鎳基耐蝕合金。</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="0iMXcaZW" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 在壓力管道工程中，下列介質(zhì)組合容易發(fā)生應(yīng)力腐蝕，應(yīng)著力避免：</p> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <figure data-size="normal" style="margin: 0px 0px 1.4em; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> <img class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" data-actualsrc="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-38d2af59bc6f7dabc07dfb2cb643039f_b.jpg" data-caption="" data-lazy-status="ok" data-original="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-38d2af59bc6f7dabc07dfb2cb643039f_r.jpg" data-rawheight="260" data-rawwidth="454" data-size="normal" src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-38d2af59bc6f7dabc07dfb2cb643039f_720w.jpg" style="display: block; max-width: 100%; margin: 0px auto; cursor: zoom-in; background-color: transparent; animation: fxRichTextFadeIn 0.5s ease-in 0s 1 normal none running;" width="454" /></figure> <p class="ztext-empty-paragraph" style="margin: -0.8em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </p> <p data-pid="Re2Wcw-a" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> 2、減少或消除零件中的殘余拉應(yīng)力<br /> <br /> <br /> 殘余拉應(yīng)力是產(chǎn)生應(yīng)力腐蝕的重要條件。為此，設(shè)計(jì)上應(yīng)盡量減小零件上的應(yīng)力集中。從工藝上說，加熱和冷卻要均勻，必要時(shí)采用退火工藝以消除內(nèi)應(yīng)力?；蛘卟捎脟娡杌虮砻鏌崽幚?，使零件表層產(chǎn)生一定的殘余壓應(yīng)力對(duì)防止應(yīng)力腐蝕也是有效的。<br /> <br /> <br /> 3、改善介質(zhì)條件<br /> <br /> <br /> 這可從兩個(gè)方面考慮：一方面設(shè)法減少或消除促進(jìn)應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂的有害化學(xué)離子，如通過水凈化處理，降低冷卻水與蒸汽中的氯離子含量對(duì)預(yù)防奧氏體不銹鋼的氯脆十分有效；另一方面，也可以在腐蝕介質(zhì)中添加緩蝕劑，如在高溫水中加入300×10-6mol/L的磷酸鹽，可使鉻鎳奧氏體不銹鋼抗應(yīng)力腐蝕性能大大提高。<br /> <br /> <br /> 4、采用電化學(xué)保護(hù)<br /> <br /> <br /> 由于金屬在介質(zhì)中只有在一定的電極電位范圍內(nèi)才會(huì)產(chǎn)生應(yīng)力腐蝕，因此采用外加電位的方法，使金屬在介質(zhì)中的電位遠(yuǎn)離應(yīng)力腐蝕敏感電位區(qū)域，這也是防止應(yīng)力腐蝕的一種措施，一般采用陰極保護(hù)法。不過，對(duì)高強(qiáng)度鋼和其他氫脆敏感的材料，不能采用這種保護(hù)方法。有時(shí)采用犧牲陽極法進(jìn)行電化學(xué)保護(hù)也是很有效的。<br /> </p> <figure data-size="normal" style="margin: 1.4em 0px; color: rgb(18, 18, 18); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Source Han Sans SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> <p> </p> <a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-36.html"><img class="origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy" data-actualsrc="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-900325e04e5e66924fe49a30fda63126_b.jpg" data-caption="" data-lazy-status="ok" data-original="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-900325e04e5e66924fe49a30fda63126_r.jpg" data-rawheight="1904" data-rawwidth="2048" data-size="normal" src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-900325e04e5e66924fe49a30fda63126_720w.jpg" style="display: block; max-width: 100%; margin: 0px auto; cursor: zoom-in; background-color: transparent; animation: fxRichTextFadeIn 0.5s ease-in 0s 1 normal none running; width: 600px;" /></a> <h2> <strong>涉及測試：</strong></h2> <h3> <a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-141.html"><span style="color:#0000ff;"><strong>點(diǎn)腐蝕試驗(yàn)</strong></span></a></h3> <h3> <a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-38.html"><span style="color:#0000ff;"><strong>晶間腐蝕試驗(yàn)</strong></span></a></h3> <h3> <strong><a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-36.html"><span style="color:#0000ff;">縫隙腐蝕試驗(yàn)</span></a></strong></h3> <h3> <strong><a href="http://www.faildr.com/projectinfo-36.html"><span style="color:#0000ff;">全浸腐蝕試驗(yàn)</span></a></strong></h3> <p> </p> <p> </p> </figure>